Tag: ciracas.id

Cera alba is purified wax from the honeycomb of the bee Apis Mallifera. Cera alba used as
binder oil and might increase the melting point of lip base. Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is a
natural substance contains betanin as natural colorant. In this study, beet juice was used
as colorant in the form of lipgloss with cera alba as wax. The objective of this study is to
determine the effect of increasing concentration of cera alba on the viscosity of beet
lipgloss. The lipgloss was formulated in 4 formulas at various cera alba concentration : 3,
4, 5, and 6%, respectively. Each formula was evaluated for organoleptic, homogenity, and
viscosity. The results showed that the viscosity of beet juice lipgloss increased with the
increase in cera alba concentration. One-way ANOVA statistical analysis showed that p<0.05 which means there were significant differences among all formula. The conclusion

Buah pare (Momordica charantia L) secara tradisional digunakan sebagai peluruh dahak, menambah nafsu makan, penurun panas dan penyegar badan. Adapun kandungan dari buah pare diantaranya karantin, hydroxytryptamine, glikosida cucurbitacin, vitamin A, B dan C. Penelitian
ini menggunakan kombinasi sukrosa dan fruktosa cair sebagai pemanis dengan penambahan NaCI pada buah pare dalam pembuatan kembang gula jeli. Perbandingan antara sukrosa dan fruktosa cair adalah 1:2. Penggunaan kombinasi sukrosa dan fruktosa dalam kembang gula jeli divariasikan dari konsentrasi 25, 30, 35 dan 405. Parameter yang diamati untuk mengetahui sifat fisik kembang gula jeli meliputi kekerasan, kelengketan dan kekenyalan serta uji kesukaan untuk melihat tingkat kesukaan panelis terhadap produk yang dihasilkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semakin tinggi konsentrasi sukrosa dan fruktosa cair yang digunakan dalam
pembuatan kembang gula jeli akan mengakibatkan penurunan kekerasan dan kekenyalan. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemanis akan mempengaruhi sifat fisik kembang gula jeli yang dilihat dari kekerasan dan kekenyalan. Datauji chi-sguare dengan menggunakan panelis berjumlah 20 orang dapat disimpulkan bahwa tingkat kemanisan yang disukai panelis adalah formula 4 dan untuk tingkat penampilan panelis lebih menyukai formula 1.

Cera alba merupakan lilin yang didapatkan dari sarang lebah Apis malifera. Cera alba
memiliki kegunaan sebagai pengikat minyak dan peningkat titik leleh. Buah bit (Beta vulgaris
L.) merupakan bahan alam yang mengandung betanin sebagai zat warna. Pada penelitian
ini sari buah kental bit digunakan sebagai pewarna dalam bentuk sediaan lipgloss dengan
menggunakan cera alba sebagai wax yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh peningkatan
konsentrasi cera alba terhadap nilai viskositas lipgloss sari buah bit. Lipgloss sari buah bit
dibuat dalam 4 formula dengan konsentrasi cera alba yang berbeda-beda yaitu : 3, 4, 5,
dan 6%. Tiap formula di evaluasi meliputi organoleptis , homogenitas, viskositas, freeze
thaw, dan sentrifugasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terjadinya peningkatan nilai viskositas
lipgloss sari buah bit seiring dengan meningkatnya konsentrasi cera alba. Hasil statistik
ANOVA menunjukan p<0,05 yang menyatakan terdapat perbedaan nilai viskositas yang bermakna antara formula 1-4. Maka dapat disimpulkan semakin meningkat konsentrasi cera alba semakin meningkat nilai viskositas.

Cera alba is purified wax from the honeycomb of the bee Apis Mallifera. Cera alba used as
binder oil and might increase the melting point of lip base. Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is a
natural substance contains betanin as natural colorant. In this study, beet juice was used
as colorant in the form of lipgloss with cera alba as wax. The objective of this study is to
determine the effect of increasing concentration of cera alba on the viscosity of beet
lipgloss. The lipgloss was formulated in 4 formulas at various cera alba concentration : 3,
4, 5, and 6%, respectively. Each formula was evaluated for organoleptic, homogenity, and
viscosity. The results showed that the viscosity of beet juice lipgloss increased with the
increase in cera alba concentration. One-way ANOVA statistical analysis showed that p<0.05 which means there were significant differences among all formula. The conclusion

Probiotics are living microorganisms that can have a positive impact on health when consumed in adequate amounts. This research aimed to determine the effect of different binders on the viability of Lactobacillus acidophilus, a member of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB). The probiotic granules were prepared with wet granulation method using mannitol as the filling ingredient. Formulas I-III used acacia as a binder (3%, 4%, and 5%), while Formulas IV-VI used sodium alginate (1%, 1.5%, and 2%). The probiotic granules produced from all formulas were evaluated for flow time, the angle of repose, compressibility, and LAB viability. The LAB viability test results showed that all of the six formulas met the probiotic requirements, i.e., at least 107 CFUs (Colony Forming Units) per gram. The viable LAB in Formulas I-VI were 3.94×107, 4.4×107, 2.7×107, 2.6×107, 3.5×107, and 2.3×107 CFU/g, respectively. The data were analyzed by comparing the average values of the One-Sample T-Test results, followed by Mann-Whitney test. The results revealed that each formula had different capacity in maintaining the viability of Lactobacillus acidophilus with different binders (i.e., acacia and sodium alginate) as a probiotic product. Formula II (4% of acacia) produced probiotic granules that met the requirements of compressibility and the angle of repose. However, its granular flow time exceeded the standard.

The aim of this research was to apply bromelain enzyme from rough extract of Ananas
comosus (L.) Merr. peel into the mouthwash preparation and investigate the enzyme activity to
inhibit Streptococcus mutans growth.. The research method, bromelain was extracted by means
of a blended pineapple skin, the extract was filtrated and centrifuged to obtain a supernatant.
Enzyme activity was analyzed by spectrophotometer at 275 nm. Mouthwash formula which
involved different concentration of bromelain (20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 50%, and 60% (v/v))
was tested the antimicrobial activity by disc diffusion method. The results showed that the formula
with 35% enzyme was an effective in restricting the growth of Streptococcus mutans, with

Ciplukan is a plant that widely used as a traditional medicine e.g : anti-inflammatory, bronchitis, ulcers, cancer, tumors, leukemia and diabetes mellitus due to chemical compounds like saponin , terpenoids, and alkaloids. This research was conducted by making extract ciplukan effervescent tablet using sodium lauryl sulfat, PEG 6000 and sodium benzoate as lubricant. This tablet was made in 3 formula i.e 2% of sodium lauryl sulfat (F1), 3% of PEG 6000 (F2) and 4% of sodium benzoate. The tablet was evaluated for weight uniformity, size uniformity, hardness, friability, dissolve time, and pH’s test. The result shows that the comparison of lubricant can give different in dissolving time. Formula II shows the dissolving time quicker than formula I and formula III. By one way ANOVA analyses with 95% of significance level , among all combinations showed a significant differences.

Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate (MAP) is one of derivatives of vitamin C which is more stable in water. MAP hydrophilic nature makes it difficult to penetrate the stratum corneum. Therefore, to increase the penetration, MAP is encapsulated in a liposome system. The sonication can be used to regulated the vesicles size and increase the entrapment efficiency. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of sonicator usage time on entrapment efficiency. The thin layer hydration method was used to prepare MAP liposomes with a ratio of lecithin and cholesterol in 30: 1, respectively. The variations of sonicator usage time were 10,15 and 20 minutes. Characterization of liposomes was observed by morphology, vesicle size and drug entrapment studies. The results showed that MAP entrapment efficiency percentage consecutively was 63.4705%; 70.4261%; and 78.0869%; while the size obtained is 466.9 nm; 298.6 nm; and 179.4 nm. One-way ANOVA test results showed a significant difference in each treatment. It can be concluded that the increasing sonicator usage time can decrease vesicle size and increase entrapment efficiency of MAP liposomes.
Keywords: Liposomes, Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate, Sonication, Sonicator

Probiotics are living microorganisms that can have a positive impact on health when consumed in adequate amounts. This research aimed to determine the effect of different binders on the viability of Lactobacillus acidophilus, a member of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB). The probiotic granules were prepared with wet granulation method using mannitol as the filling ingredient. Formulas I-III used acacia as a binder (3%, 4%, and 5%), while Formulas IV-VI used sodium alginate (1%, 1.5%, and 2%). The probiotic granules produced from all formulas were evaluated for flow time, the angle of repose, compressibility, and LAB viability. The LAB viability test results showed that all of the six formulas met the probiotic requirements, i.e., at least 107 CFUs (Colony Forming Units) per gram. The viable LAB in Formulas I-VI were 3.94×107, 4.4×107, 2.7×107, 2.6×107, 3.5×107, and 2.3×107 CFU/g, respectively. The data were analyzed by comparing the average values of the One-Sample T-Test results, followed by Mann-Whitney test. The results revealed that each formula had different capacity in maintaining the viability of Lactobacillus acidophilus with different binders (i.e., acacia and sodium alginate) as a probiotic product. Formula II (4% of acacia) produced probiotic granules that met the requirements of compressibility and the angle of repose. However, its granular flow time exceeded the standard.

Various relics of colonialism must be maintained as part of the nation’s experience in its
struggle for independence. The existence of buildings or historic objects in Indonesia is regulated in
the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 11 Year 2010 About Cultural Heritage. Article 1 of Law
Number 11 Year 2010 which is meant cultural heritage is cultural heritage in the form of Object of
Culture, Heritage Building, Cultural Structure, Cultural Heritage Site, and Heritage Area on land and
/ or in water that need to be preserved due to has an important value for history, science, education,
religion, and / or culture through the process of determination. One of the most well preserved cultural
heritages is Fort Rotterdam. Fort Rotterdam Fort is a small part of a country puzzle called Indonesia.
Glory and greatness of the Kingdom of Gowa, able to be presented through Fort Rotterdam as a
cultural heritage object that continues to be preserved by the local government. Although there are
many objects of cultural heritage in Makassar, Fort Rotterdam deserves to be an icon of Makassar
City, as well as will be able to attract the attention of local and international tourists. Fort Rotterdam
can also be a source of learning for learners. Learners should be more familiar with the history of the
nation so that the growing awareness of history and the stronger sense of nationalism of learners.

Abstrak: Berbagai peninggalan masa kolonialisme tersebut harus dipelihara sebagai bagian dari
pengalaman bangsa dalam perjuangannya merebut kemerdekaan. Keberadaan bangunan atau benda
bersejarah di Indonesia diatur dalam Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 11 Tahun 2010
Tentang Cagar Budaya. Pasal 1 Undang undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2010 yang dimaksud cagar budaya
adalah warisan budaya bersifat kebendaan berupa Benda Cagar Budaya, Bangunan Cagar Budaya,
Struktur agar Budaya, Situs Cagar Budaya, dan Kawasan Cagar Budaya di darat dan/atau di air yang
perlu dilestarikan keberadaannya karena memiliki nilai penting bagi sejarah, ilmu pengetahuan,
pendidikan, agama, dan/atau kebudayaan melalui proses penetapan. Salah satu cagar budaya yang
masih terpelihara dengan baik adalah Benteng Ford Rotterdam. Benteng Fort Rotterdam merupakan
bagian kecil dari sebuah puzzle negara yang bernama Indonesia. Kejayaan dan kebesaran Kerajaan
Gowa, mampu dihadirkan melalui Benteng Fort Rotterdam sebagai benda cagar budaya yang terus
dijaga kelestariannya oleh pemerintah daerah. Meskipun ada banyak benda cagar budaya di Kota
Makassar, Benteng Fort Rotterdam layak dijadikan ikon Kota Makassar, sekaligus akan mampu
menarik perhatian wisatawan lokal maupun internasional. Benteng Fort Rotterdam juga dapat
dijadikan sumber belajar peserta didik. Peserta didik harus lebih mengenal dengan sejarah bangsanya
supaya semakin tumbuh kesadaran sejarah dan semakin kuat rasa nasionalisme peserta didik.